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Ecuador Geography:
Location:
Western South America, bordering the Pacific Ocean at the Equator, between Colombia and Peru
Geographic coordinates:
2 00 S, 77 30 W
Map references:
Area:
total:
283,560 sq km
land:
276,840 sq km
water:
6,720 sq km
note: Includes Galapagos Islands
Area - comparative:
Slightly smaller than Nevada
Land boundaries:
total: 2,010 km
border countries: Colombia 590 km, Peru 1420 km
Coastline:
2,237 km
Maritime claims:
continental shelf: 100 NM from 2,500 meter isobath
territorial sea: 200 NM
Climate:
Tropical along coast, becoming cooler inland at higher elevations; tropical in Amazonian jungle lowlands
Terrain:
Coastal plain (costa), inter-Andean central highlands (sierra), and flat to rolling eastern jungle (oriente)
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Chimborazo 6,267 m
Natural resources:
Petroleum, fish, timber, hydropower
Land use:
arable land: 5.85%
permanent crops: 4.93%
other: 89.22%
(2001)
Irrigated land:
8,650 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural hazards:
Frequent earthquakes, landslides, volcanic activity; floods; periodic droughts
Environment - current issues:
Deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; water pollution; pollution from oil production wastes in ecologically sensitive areas of the Amazon Basin and Galapagos Islands
Environment - international agreements:
party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements (not ratified)
Geography - Note:
Cotopaxi in Andes is highest active volcano in world |

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