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World Factbook: Nicaragua Geography


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Nicaragua



Nicaragua Geography:

Location:
Central America, bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Pacific Ocean, between Costa Rica and Honduras

Geographic coordinates:
13 00 N, 85 00 W

Map references:


Area:
total: 129,494 sq km
land: 120,254 sq km
water: 9,240 sq km

Area - comparative:
Slightly smaller than the state of New York

Land boundaries:
total: 1,231 km
border countries: Costa Rica 309 km, Honduras 922 km

Coastline:
910 km

Maritime claims:
continental shelf: natural prolongation
territorial sea: 200 NM

Climate:
Tropical in lowlands, cooler in highlands

Terrain:
Extensive Atlantic coastal plains rising to central interior mountains; narrow Pacific coastal plain interrupted by volcanoes

Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mogoton 2,438 m

Natural resources:
Gold, silver, copper, tungsten, lead, zinc, timber, fish

Land use:
arable land: 15.94%
permanent crops: 1.94%
other: 82.12%
(2001)

Irrigated land:
880 sq km (1998 est.)

Natural hazards:
Destructive earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides; extremely susceptible to hurricanes

Environment - current issues:
Deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution

Environment - international agreements:
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification (not ratified)

Geography - Note:
Largest country in Central America; contains the largest freshwater body in Central America, Lago de Nicaragua


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Washington D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, 2005
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