Tajikistan Economy:
Tajikistan has one of the lowest per capita GDPs among the 15 former Soviet republics. Only 5% to 6% of the land area is arable. Cotton is the most important crop. Mineral resources, varied but limited in amount, include silver, gold, uranium, and tungsten. Industry consists only of a large aluminum plant, hydropower facilities, and small obsolete factories mostly in light industry and food processing. The civil war (1992-97) severely damaged the already weak economic infrastructure and caused a sharp decline in industrial and agricultural production. Even though 60% of its people continue to live in abject poverty, Tajikistan has experienced steady economic growth since 1997. Continued privatization of medium and large state-owned enterprises will further increase productivity. Tajikistan's economic situation, however, remains fragile due to uneven implementation of structural reforms, weak governance, widespread unemployment, and the external debt burden. A debt restructuring agreement was reached with Russia in December 2002, including an interest rate of 4%, a 3-year grace period, and a US $49.8 million credit to the Central Bank of Tajikistan.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
$7.95 billion (2004 est.)
GDP — real growth rate:
10.5% (2004 est.)
GDP — per capita:
purchasing power parity: $1,100 (2004 est.)
GDP — composition by sector:
agriculture: 23.7%
industry: 24.3%
services: 52%
(2004)
Labor force:
3.19 million (2000 est.)
Labor force — by occupation:
agriculture: 67.2%, industry: 7.5%, services: 25.3% (2000 est.)
Unemployment rate:
40% (2002 est.)
Population below poverty line:
60% (2004 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 3.2%
highest 10%: 25.2% (1998)
Distribution of family income — Gini index:
34.7 (1998 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
8% (2004 est.)
Investment (gross fixed):
22% of GDP (2004 est.)
Budget:
revenues: $311.2 million
expenditures: $321.5 million including capital expenditures of $86 million (2004 est.)
Agriculture — products:
Cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats
Industries:
aluminum, zinc, lead, chemicals and fertilizers, cement, vegetable oil, metal-cutting machine tools, refrigerators and freezers
Industrial production growth rate:
8.2% (2002 est.)
Electricity — production:
15.08 billion kWh (2002 est.)
Electricity — consumption:
14.41 billion kWh (2002 est.)
Electricity — exports:
3.97 billion kWh (2002 est.)
Electricity — imports:
4.36 billion kWh (2002 est.)
Oil — production:
250 bbl/day (2001 est.)
Oil — consumption:
20,000 bbl/day (2001 est.)
Oil — exports:
NA
Oil — imports:
NA
Natural gas — production:
50 million cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas — consumption:
1.3 billion cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas — exports:
0 cu m (2001 est.)
Natural gas — imports:
1.25 billion cu m (2001 est.)
Current account balance:
$-52 million (2004 est.)
Exports:
$1.13 billion (f.o.b. 2004 est.)
Exports — commodities:
aluminum, electricity, cotton, fruits, vegetable oil, textiles
Exports — partners:
Netherlands 41.4%, Turkey 15.3%, Uzbekistan 7.2%, Latvia 7.1%, Switzerland 6.9%, Russia 6.6% (2004)
Imports:
$1.3 billion (f.o.b. 2004 est.)
Imports — commodities:
electricity, petroleum products, aluminum oxide, machinery and equipment, foodstuffs
Imports — partners:
Russia 20.2%, Uzbekistan 14.2%, Kazakhstan 12.8%, Azerbaijan 7.2%, US 6.7%, China 4.8%, Ukraine 4.5% (2004)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$145.3 million (2004 est.)
Debt — external:
$888 million (2004 est.)
Economic aid — recipient:
$60.7 million from US (2001 est.)
Currency:
somoni
Exchange rates:
Tajikistani somoni per US$: 2.97 (2004 est.), 3.06 (2003 est.), 2.76 (2002 est.), 2.37 (2001 est.), 2.08 (2000 est.)
note: The new unit of exchange was introduced on 30 October 2000, with one somoni equal to 1,000 of the old Tajikistani rubles
Fiscal year:
calendar year
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